Back to the front page
American History

Leadbelly was the Ultimate Hardcore Blues Musician

Lead Belly - Folkways: A Vision Shared

12. In prison, he got the nickname ‘Leadbelly’, but no one quite knows why

prison compound no 1 angola louisiana leadbelly huddie ledbetter in the foreground 939
This 1934 photograph of Angola prisoners, taken by folklorist Alan Lomax, features Huddie “Lead Belly” Ledbetter in the foreground. Imprisoned for attempted homicide, Lead Belly was released later that year. 64 Perishes.

He walked into Imperial Farm as Huddie or Walter, and emerged as Leadbelly. That is all we know for certain about the nickname. Some say that it was simply a play on the surname, Ledbetter, which sort of sounds like ‘Leadbelly’. Another prosaic suggestion is it was a tribute to Leadbelly’s incredible strength, which enabled him to impress in the prison’s manual labour programme. More plausibly, Huddie’s nickname has also been attributed to his toughness, for he certainly made a big splash amongst his fellow inmates (see number 11 on this list). But why the reference to his belly, specifically?

Two other theories are much more logical. One is that he could drink the most unpalatable and life-threatening moonshine brewed up on the sly in prison bathtubs at Imperial Farm without harming himself, as if his belly were indeed made of lead. The other legend says that he was once shot in the stomach with a shotgun, and lived to tell the tale. Hence, he had a belly full of lead. We will never know for certain, but this legend-spinning and folklore would delight the man himself, many of whose songs were reinterpreted folk-standards and tales.

Written by

I am a freelance historical and literary writer based in West Yorkshire, UK. I read for a funded PhD in English at the University of Oxford (Magdalen College) and graduated in 2016. I am a former lecturer in Medieval English Literature at Royal Holloway, University of London. My publications include peer-reviewed articles in academic publications, and pieces in mainstream magazines such as History Today and Fortean Times. For more information, please see www.drflight.co.uk

Keep reading

Advertisement