12. Battle of Tenmokuzan (1582)
The Battle of Tenmokuzan, fought on March 11, 1582, in Kai Province, Japan, marked the final stand of the Takeda clan. Facing the combined forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu, Takeda Katsuyori’s army was overwhelmed. In a desperate attempt to evade capture, Katsuyori set fire to his fortress at Shinpu Castle and fled into the mountains. However, his loyal retainer, Oyamada Nobushige, denied him entry to the Iwadono Castle, leading Katsuyori to commit seppuku alongside his wife and son. This decisive defeat resulted in the annihilation of the Takeda clan, consolidating Oda and Tokugawa control in central Japan (en.wikipedia.org).
