18. Mamluk Sultanate: Military Administration
From 1250 to 1517 CE, the Mamluk Sultanate governed Palestine after defeating both Mongol invaders and the remnants of Crusader rule. The Mamluks established a robust military administration and undertook extensive building projects, including schools, mosques, and vital infrastructure. Their efforts revitalized medieval society, leaving a distinct architectural and cultural legacy that endures in the region’s cities. See British Museum resources.
