13. Byzantine Empire: Christianization
With the division of the Roman Empire, Byzantine rule took hold of Palestine from the 4th to 7th century CE. This era saw the widespread promotion of Christianity as the dominant faith, transforming the region’s spiritual landscape. Monumental churches such as the Church of the Nativity and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre were constructed, attracting pilgrims from across the empire. Byzantine Palestine became a center of religious and architectural innovation. See the Metropolitan Museum’s review.
