5. National Liberation Front (FLN, Algeria)
The National Liberation Front (FLN) waged a determined and bloody campaign against French colonial rule from 1954 to 1962. Their struggle, marked by urban warfare and rural resistance, ultimately led to Algeria’s hard-won independence. The FLN’s tactics and sacrifices echoed in other African liberation movements, fueling anti-colonial sentiment across the continent. For many, the FLN became a model of how insurgency could achieve nationhood—though at a steep human cost.
