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Ancient History

Women Who Took their Vengeance in an Epic Fashion

Phoolan Devi - Bandit Queen
Phoolan Devi, when she eventually turned herself in. India Today
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Pope Clement VIII - Pope
Pope Clement VIII. Papal Artifacts

21. Exacting Confessions Through Torture

Although most Romans approved of the killing of Count Cenci, Pope Clement VIII, ruler of Rome and the Papal States where the crime had taken place, had other ideas. Viewing patricide as a heinous crime, and worried that leniency might encourage other children to murder their parents, the pope authorized the torture of the accused. They began with Olimpio, the lowest socially ranked of the conspirators. However, he kept mum, refusing to confess or implicate his lover Beatrice, until he died during the harsh interrogation.

Visual arts - Painting
‘Beatrice After the Rack’, by Sarah A. Doidge. National Library of Wales

Beatrice was also made of stern stuff, and withstood the torture, including getting stretched on the rack, without admitting to anything. Her brother Giacomo was not as tough, however. He had not been at the Cenci castle on the night of the murder, but under torture, he spilled out that his younger sister had been the chief culprit, and that she had planned everything. The rest of her family also broke under torture, and Lucrezia and young Bernardo pinned the blame on Beatrice as the ringleader.

Written by

A lifelong history buff, I developed a particular passion for WW2 history as a child, when I spent hours listening to my grandfather, enraptured, as he recounted his wartime experiences in the British East African Campaign and with the British 8th Army in North Africa.

I graduated with a history BA from George Mason University, then went on to get a JD from the University of Virginia School of Law. After lawyering for a decade, I moved to sunny Rio de Janeiro and a less demanding career, opening a tourism agency in Copacabana.

A big chunk of my free time is spent blogging (you can follow me on Quora https://www.quora.com/profile/Khalid-Elhassan ) or freelance writing, mostly about my favorite subject, history.

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