20. The Holocaust (1941-1945)
The Holocaust, occurring from 1941 to 1945, was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by Nazi Germany and its collaborators. This genocide also targeted millions of others, including Romani people, disabled individuals, and political dissidents. The Nazis implemented their “Final Solution” through mass shootings, gas chambers, and other brutal methods. The scale and industrialization of this atrocity remain unparalleled in history (ushmm.org).
