18. Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)
The Lebanese Civil War was a labyrinth of sectarian violence, pitting rival religious and political factions against each other in a struggle for control. Foreign intervention from Syria, Israel, and regional militias deepened the chaos, transforming Lebanon into a battleground for wider Middle Eastern rivalries. The war’s devastation shattered Beirut’s cosmopolitan image, displaced millions, and redrew Lebanon’s political landscape. Its enduring legacy is evident in the country’s fragile peace, ongoing sectarian tensions, and its pivotal role in regional geopolitics.
