
6. A Traitor’s Background
Jingwei had been among the bright Chinese students sent by the dying Qing dynasty to study abroad, and he attended a university in Japan. There, he joined radical nationalist Chinese student circles, self-identified as an anarchist, and became a disciple of Sun Yat-sen. Returning to China, he spoke eloquently of Chinese nationalism, and was jailed for plotting to assassinate the Qing regent.
He was freed in the Chinese Revolution of 1911 which did away with the Qing dynasty, and became a national hero. That Revolution and the overthrow of the imperial system led to a chaotic period of warlord rule. A nationalist party, the Kuomintang, was formed to restore order, and in 1925 sent “the Great Northern Expedition” to tame the warlords and restore central authority. Jingwei became chairman of the national government, but Chiang Kai-shek, who led the campaign against the warlords, formed a rival government in southern China.



