12. Battle of Yarmouk (636)
The Battle of Yarmouk, fought from August 15 to 20, 636, was a decisive confrontation between the Rashidun Caliphate and the Byzantine Empire. Commanded by Khalid ibn al-Walid, the Muslim forces faced a numerically superior Byzantine army. Despite being outnumbered, the Rashidun forces achieved a decisive victory, leading to the collapse of Byzantine rule in Syria (britannica.com). This victory paved the way for the rapid expansion of Islamic rule into the Levant and North Africa, establishing Arab-Muslim dominance across a vast region.
