13. Yugoslavia (1990s)
Amid the Balkan wars of the 1990s, Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) became the focus of some of the UN’s most stringent sanctions. These embargoes isolated the country’s economy, targeting oil, arms, and trade in response to ethnic cleansing and conflict. The sanctions had devastating effects on civilians, similar to the experience in Iraq, and remained controversial in their breadth. Their eventual easing was tied to peace processes and regime change. (press.un.org)
