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American History

Halloween Costumes Have a Stranger History Than You Think

Two people wearing costume masks
Thanksgiving maskers, c. 1910 - 1915. Library of Congress, public domain.

Halloween costumes show craftsmanship

Group of costumed people, one holding a ouija board
Halloween party with Ouija board. simpleinsomnia via Flickr (CC 2.0)

Costumes in the late 1800s were still homemade, but costume creation was becoming a mass market craft. Costumes were still homemade, but marketers produced patterns and sharing instructions on how to create masks and costumes. Women’s magazines provided instructions for creating costumes. Children used paper mâché and fabric found in attics and basements to create their own designs, often with unintentionally horrifying results

Mumming, guising, and souling were alive and well, and Halloween parties were as popular as ever. But costumes, though part of festivities, were more common at parties and indoor activities. They did not have the connection with going door to door, yelling a vaguely threatening verse (“Trick or treat!”) and receiving a treat to ward off pranks. In fact, trick-or-treating wasn’t part of Halloween at all in the 1800s.

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