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American History

Halloween Costumes Have a Stranger History Than You Think

Two people wearing costume masks
Thanksgiving maskers, c. 1910 - 1915. Library of Congress, public domain.

The Spirit (and Profit) of Halloween

Halloween store, Spirit Halloween
Inside of a Spirit Halloween. Phillip Pessar (2023, CC 2.0)

From twelve-foot skeletons in the yard, to projection mapping light displays on their houses, Halloween has become a multi-billion-dollar industry. Halloween festivals such as the Haunted Happenings in Salem, Massachusetts attracts almost a million visitors in the month of October, with tourism spending generating around $30 million for the community, and $2.5 million in tax revenue.

The National Retail Federation expects Halloween spending in the United States to reach $12.2 billion in 2023, exceeding even pre-pandemic levels. Costumes are a big part of that income. The National Retail Federation estimated 69% of consumers participated in Halloween celebrations in 2022, generating $10.7 billion. Spirit Halloween, a costume, accessory, and decoration retailer, built a business model of seasonally moving into vacant stores. An estimated $400 million each year comes from their seasonal sales.

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