3. Caligula (Roman Empire)
Caligula’s brief reign from AD 37 to 41 is remembered for wild parties, cruelty, and odd extravagances. He reportedly made his horse, Incitatus, a senator and built floating palaces on Lake Nemi. These lavish constructions featured marble and mosaic floors, heating, and plumbing, serving as venues for his notorious indulgences. His erratic, indulgent lifestyle quickly led to his assassination. Caligula’s excesses became legendary, symbolizing the extremes of Roman decadence.
