8. China-Taiwan (Cross-Strait) Dispute
The Chinese Civil War, which concluded in 1949, did not result in a formal peace treaty, leaving Taiwan under the governance of the Republic of China (ROC) and claimed by the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Taiwan continues to operate as a self-governing entity, while the PRC asserts its sovereignty over the island. This situation has led to ongoing tensions, including military posturing and diplomatic disputes, with no resolution in sight. For a comprehensive overview, refer to the Council on Foreign Relations’ backgrounder on China-Taiwan relations (cfr.org).
