10. Beyond Determinism—The Future of Great Power Relations
While the Thucydides Trap suggests a deterministic path toward conflict between rising and established powers, human agency, negotiation, and robust global institutions offer pathways to peaceful power transitions. The concept of “Common Security” emphasizes that no nation can prosper unless all are secure, advocating for cooperative approaches to peace and disarmament grounded in mutual interest and respect. By addressing root causes of instability such as poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation, and by investing in people and the planet, nations can build a stable and secure global system that benefits all. This approach underscores the importance of proactive diplomacy, inclusive development, and international cooperation in preventing conflicts and fostering sustainable peace (weforum.org).
