9. Termination Era and Urban Relocation
The mid-20th century brought the Termination Era, when federal policies aimed to dissolve tribal governments and end federal recognition of many nations. Simultaneously, urban relocation programs encouraged Native people to move to cities, disrupting traditional communities. Despite these challenges, Indigenous people formed vibrant urban networks and sparked new waves of activism, advocating for rights and recognition. For more on the impact of termination and relocation, see Smithsonian: Termination Policy.
