14. The Soviet Invasion of Finland (Winter War, 1939-40)
In November 1939, the Soviet Union launched the Winter War against Finland, expecting a swift victory. However, the Soviet military, despite its vast numbers, faced unexpected challenges in Finland’s snowy forests. Finnish forces employed guerrilla tactics, utilizing skis for mobility and camouflage to ambush Soviet troops. The harsh winter conditions further hindered Soviet operations. Despite overwhelming numbers, the USSR suffered heavy losses and international embarrassment. The conflict concluded in March 1940 with the Moscow Peace Treaty, where Finland ceded territory but retained its sovereignty (britannica.com).
