4. Creating the World’s Biggest Army

The son of a lawyer, Lazare Carnot attended a military school, and upon graduation in 1773, he was commissioned a lieutenant in the French royal army. He was a captain when the Revolution broke out in 1789. He entered politics, and by 1792, had been elected as a deputy to the National Convention. Assigned to the Committee for General Defense, Carnot exhibited a genius for administration.
He introduced mass conscription, known as the levee en masse, which put the entire French population at the disposal of the war effort. The French army grew from about 645,000 in 1793, to over 1,500,000 by 1794.



