13. Tensions between the Texans and the Mexican government had been increasing for years
In 1830, Mexico passed a law which effectively ended legal American immigration. Garrisons were established, including at Nacogdoches, to enforce the immigration law and to collect taxes. In Mexico, political factions were divided over the issues of a centralist government or localized control in the various states. General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna opposed the Centralist regime in power in Mexico City, announcing his position in early 1832. This, ironically given subsequent events, led the Texans to believe that the influential Santa Anna was on their side. Piedras represented Centralist authority in Texas, and his decision to demand the disarming of the settlers and militia was considered intolerable.
The Battle of Nacogdoches took place on August 2, 1832. It was an urban fight, house to house, and lasted into the night, with the Mexican troops withdrawing to the stone fortifications outside the city. During the night the remaining Mexicans evacuated, led by Piedras. The next morning the retreating party was attacked by a pursuit led by Bowie. The Mexican troops eventually rebelled against their commander and surrendered to the Texans. Piedras was paroled and sent to Mexico. The remaining Mexican troops were marched under guard, commanded by Bowie, to San Antonio, where they were released and sent home.
