15. Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine (2014 & 2022)
Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the 2022 invasion of Ukraine have significantly challenged NATO. These actions have galvanized the alliance, prompting increased military support to Ukraine and heightened defense postures among member states. However, they have also sparked debates about escalation risks, the extent of military aid, and the potential for a broader conflict. This situation represents the most pressing test of NATO’s deterrence capabilities since the Cold War (nato.int).
