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American History

Shockingly Well-Preserved Things from the Past

Baked clay spike with cuneiform inscription.
Sumerian Clay Nail Of Entemena, With Cuniform, C. 2400. Louvre Museum. Public Domain.

Egyptian prosthetic toe

Ancient prosthetic toe still attached to mummified foot.
Ancient Egyptian prosthetic toe. Egyptian Museum In Cairo. Unrestricted.

A tomb in Luxor, Egypt yielded a surprising find in 1997.  On the remains of what archaeologists believe to be the daughter of a high-status priest was a detailed prosthetic toe.  Egyptian craftsmen created the toe out of leather and wood, carving a toenail for a realistic look.  Closer examination revealed the toe had been altered and adjusted multiple times to ensure a good, comfortable fit, indicated it was worn in life, not just to make the body whole in death.

This requires craftsmanship at a level only the elite could afford.  This prosthetic, known as the Cairo Toe or Greville Chester Great Toe, is housed in the Cairo Museum, one of the earliest examples of a practical prosthesis used for every day, functional wear.  It gave the woman a more common look to her feet and perhaps restored some of the balance lost during her original toe’s amputation.

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