From the mid-1800s to the early 20th century, China endured what historians call the ‘Century of Shame’. This era was defined by devastating foreign invasions, a series of unequal treaties, and deep internal turmoil. Once revered as a mighty empire, China found itself humbled by Western powers and Japan, forced to cede territory and sovereignty. Yet, amid this adversity, the Chinese people displayed remarkable resilience. Through determination and reinvention, China began a powerful transformation. This article traces the pivotal events, influential figures, and historic milestones that propelled China from national subjugation to its remarkable rise as a global powerhouse.
