32. Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia
In 1812, on the eve of invading Napoleon Bonaparte bestrode Europe and was at the height of his power. By year’s end, he had suffered an epic defeat, and began an unstoppable downward spiral. It culminated two years later with his total defeat, followed by exile to St. Helena.
Napoleon’s first step when invading Russia was his poor choice of subordinates. His aim was to bring the Tsar to heel by decisively defeating the Russian army as soon as possible. However, he appointed his unqualified stepson, Prince Eugene, to major command, and the inexperienced youth allowed the Russians to retreat. Napoleon then plunged into Russia, following the Tsar’s army for hundreds of miles as it retreated, refusing to give battle and scorching the countryside to deprive the invaders of anything useful.
