14. Border Disputes
Contested borders often spark interventions or wars. The India-Pakistan conflict over Kashmir has led to multiple wars since 1947, with both nations claiming the region. Similarly, Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine have been driven by territorial disputes (britannica.com). Historical conflicts over Alsace-Lorraine between France and Germany also exemplify how border disputes can lead to significant military engagements.
