11. Louis XIV (“The Sun King”)
Louis XIV, born in 1638, reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715, marking the longest reign in European history. He epitomized absolute monarchy, centralizing power and diminishing the influence of the nobility. His construction of the Palace of Versailles not only symbolized his authority but also served as the political hub of France (en.chateauversailles.fr). For a comprehensive overview of his reign and reforms, refer to the Britannica article on Louis XIV.
