13. The Sovereign Military Order of Malta
The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM) is a Catholic lay religious order with a history spanning over 900 years, dating back to the 11th century when it was founded in Jerusalem. Recognized as a sovereign entity under international law, the Order maintains diplomatic relations with over 100 states and the European Union, and holds permanent observer status at the United Nations. It issues its own passports, coins, and postage stamps, and operates with extraterritorial rights in Rome. The Order’s mission focuses on humanitarian assistance, providing medical, social, and humanitarian aid to those in need worldwide.
