10. Black Benevolent Societies and Mutual Aid
Long before public assistance, Black New Orleanians formed benevolent societies to care for one another in times of need. These community-run organizations offered healthcare, burial insurance, and vital social support—often the only safety net available. Benevolent societies fostered unity, dignity, and resilience, becoming cornerstones of Black civic life. As described by the Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities, their legacy of mutual aid continues to inspire grassroots activism and social justice efforts across the nation.
