3. Japan’s Defeat in WWII Was “Fake News”

Shindo Renmei dismissed Japan’s surrender as “fake news” and American propaganda, and redoubled its efforts to punish those who said otherwise. According to the group’s leader Colonel Kikawa and his lunatic followers, Japanese immigrants were divided into two camps: good guys, and bad guys.
As Shindo Renmei saw it, the good guys were the Kachigumi (“Victorious”), who knew that Japan had won the war. They were mostly the poor and poorly educated. The bad guys were the vile Makegumi (“Defeatists”), also pejoratively labeled “dirty hearts”, who bought the fake news about Japan’s defeat. They tended to be the better off and better-educated immigrants, who had better access to information and could differentiate between reliable and unreliable news.



