10. Evidence in Ancient Texts and Art
Ancient Roman literature and art provide evidence of female gladiators, known as gladiatrices. Roman historian Tacitus noted that during Emperor Nero’s reign, many distinguished women participated in gladiatorial games, leading to public scandal. Additionally, a marble relief from Halicarnassus depicts two female gladiators, Amazon and Achillia, engaged in combat, highlighting their presence in the arena (history.co.uk).
