9. Somalia
Somalia prospered in the 1960s but slid into failed-state status following dictatorship, clan warfare, and the collapse of central authority in 1991—a situation aggravated by famine and warlordism. The absence of a central government since 1991 has led to endemic poverty and insecurity, with less than 40 percent of Somalis being literate and more than one in ten children dying before turning five. The lack of a functioning government has also made Somalia a haven for terrorist groups, including al-Shabaab, which controls large parts of central and southern Somalia (cfr.org).
