5. Arab Spring (2010-2012)
The Arab Spring swept through the Middle East and North Africa, as citizens rose up against authoritarian regimes in pursuit of democracy and freedom. This wave of protests led to the ousting of leaders in countries like Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, while sparking prolonged conflict elsewhere. The movement inspired activism worldwide, but also revealed the complexities of revolution, as hopes for reform often gave way to instability and new forms of repression.
