Ancient History

Sacred Steps: Japan’s Most Breathtaking Pilgrimage Trails

Darren - June 4, 2025

In Japan, pilgrimage trails weave through misty forests, ascend sacred mountains, and pass serene temples, forming pathways that have guided spiritual seekers for centuries. More than just scenic routes, these trails embody the profound connection between nature, Shinto beliefs, and Buddhist traditions, inviting visitors to introspection and renewal. Each step taken along these ancient paths is steeped in history, spirituality, and quiet beauty, offering travelers a unique opportunity to immerse themselves deeply in Japan’s rich cultural tapestry. Join us as we journey along Japan’s most breathtaking pilgrimage trails, discovering their hidden wonders and timeless allure.

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1. Kumano Kodo

Hidden in the lush landscapes of the Kii Peninsula lies the Kumano Kodo, an ancient network of pilgrimage trails that has drawn travelers for over a thousand years. Walking these sacred paths, pilgrims traverse dense cedar forests and mist-covered valleys, passing pristine waterfalls and secluded shrines. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Kumano Kodo connects three revered shrines—Hongu Taisha, Nachi Taisha, and Hayatama Taisha—collectively known as the Kumano Sanzan. This journey is not merely physical; it’s a spiritual immersion into Japan’s deeply rooted traditions, offering serenity and reflection amidst breathtaking natural beauty.

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2. Shikoku Henro

Encircling the island of Shikoku, the Shikoku Henro pilgrimage route guides travelers through 88 sacred temples, each connected to the revered Buddhist monk Kobo Daishi. Spanning approximately 1,200 kilometers, this circuit offers pilgrims a profound journey of self-discovery, humility, and spiritual introspection. Clad in traditional white attire and bearing wooden staffs, pilgrims follow winding coastal paths, traverse quiet villages, and ascend mountainous terrain. At each temple, travelers pause for prayer and reflection, deepening their connection to Kobo Daishi’s teachings and experiencing the transformative power inherent in this timeless pilgrimage.

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3. Mount Fuji Pilgrimage (Fujiko)

Rising majestically above the clouds, Mount Fuji has long captivated the hearts of pilgrims seeking spiritual enlightenment.
Known affectionately as Fuji-san, Japan’s tallest and most iconic peak is revered as sacred, embodying divine presence and natural beauty. The pilgrimage routes to Fuji’s summit trace back centuries, guided historically by the religious tradition known as Fujiko, which venerates the mountain as a deity. Ascending these trails, pilgrims journey through mystical forests and volcanic landscapes, experiencing moments of profound contemplation and awe while connecting deeply to the spiritual heritage surrounding this beloved symbol of Japan.

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4. Dewa Sanzan Pilgrimage

Nestled in the serene wilderness of Yamagata Prefecture, the Dewa Sanzan pilgrimage invites travelers to journey through three sacred mountains: Haguro-san, Gas-san, and Yudono-san. For centuries, these peaks have served as powerful spiritual centers for followers of Shugendo, an ancient ascetic practice blending Shinto beliefs with Buddhist teachings. Pilgrims ascend through dense cedar groves, traverse mist-covered slopes, and encounter revered shrines hidden in mountain solitude. Each mountain symbolizes a stage of rebirth and spiritual awakening, guiding visitors through a transformative journey that fosters self-discovery, purification, and harmony with nature.

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5. Oyama Pilgrimage

Just a short journey from Tokyo, the Oyama Pilgrimage has drawn travelers since the Edo period to the lush slopes of Mount Oyama in Kanagawa Prefecture. This historic route guides pilgrims upwards along moss-covered stone steps and tranquil forest paths, passing through atmospheric gateways leading to ancient shrines like Oyama Afuri Shrine. Renowned not only for its spiritual heritage but also its stunning vistas, Mount Oyama offers panoramic views of the surrounding countryside and distant ocean. Today, visitors continue this tradition, seeking both spiritual renewal and a peaceful escape into nature’s embrace.

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6. Chichibu 34 Kannon Pilgrimage

Winding gently through the idyllic landscapes of Saitama Prefecture, the Chichibu 34 Kannon Pilgrimage invites pilgrims to honor Kannon, the compassionate Buddhist goddess of mercy. Established centuries ago, this serene route connects 34 sacred temples tucked within picturesque villages, verdant hillsides, and quiet rural settings. Along the journey, pilgrims pause to offer prayers and seek blessings, experiencing moments of tranquility and spiritual reflection amid Chichibu’s peaceful beauty. This pilgrimage offers a gentle, contemplative experience, beautifully blending devotion and appreciation of the region’s timeless scenery and spiritual heritage.

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7. Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage

The Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage, Japan’s oldest pilgrimage route, spans 33 sacred temples across the historic Kansai region.
Established over a thousand years ago, this revered journey honors Kannon, the Buddhist goddess of compassion, guiding pilgrims through culturally rich cities such as Kyoto and Nara, and serene countryside landscapes. Each temple along the trail possesses its own unique history, architecture, and spiritual atmosphere, inviting pilgrims to experience profound moments of contemplation and devotion. Steeped in tradition, the Saigoku pilgrimage provides an intimate immersion into Japan’s spiritual heritage, connecting travelers deeply with centuries-old faith and devotion.

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8. Bandō 33 Kannon Pilgrimage

Traversing the picturesque landscapes of Japan’s Kanto region, the Bandō 33 Kannon Pilgrimage connects historic temples dedicated to the beloved goddess of compassion, Kannon. Established in the Kamakura period, this pilgrimage route guides travelers through scenic valleys, charming towns, and lush forests, each temple offering distinctive architecture and a unique spiritual ambiance. Pilgrims embarking upon this journey find themselves immersed not only in serene natural beauty but also in rich historical traditions, deepening their understanding of Japan’s cultural heritage. With each step, visitors encounter opportunities for quiet reflection and spiritual renewal amid Kanto’s timeless tranquility.

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9. Rokujūrokubu Pilgrimage

The Rokujūrokubu Pilgrimage embodies a unique spiritual tradition, guiding pilgrims across Japan to visit 66 temples dedicated to the Buddhist deity Kannon. Unlike localized pilgrimages, this route spans multiple regions, encouraging pilgrims to traverse diverse landscapes—from peaceful coastal paths to secluded mountain shrines. Rooted in deep devotion, pilgrims traditionally completed this journey with the belief that visiting all 66 sacred sites would grant profound spiritual merit and personal enlightenment. Today, travelers following this path continue to embrace the journey’s profound symbolism, discovering spiritual rejuvenation and a deeper connection to Japan’s enduring traditions along the way.

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10. Shinetsu Trail Pilgrimage

Stretching gracefully between Nagano and Niigata Prefectures, the Shinetsu Trail pilgrimage offers travelers a journey through some of Japan’s most captivating scenery. This ancient route guides pilgrims across lush forests, rolling hills, and serene valleys, each season revealing its distinct charm—from vibrant autumn foliage to delicate spring blossoms. Along the way, pilgrims encounter historic landmarks, tranquil shrines, and traditional villages that reflect the region’s rich cultural heritage. Blending spiritual contemplation with an appreciation for the natural world, the Shinetsu Trail invites travelers to experience a peaceful, reflective journey immersed in timeless beauty.

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11. Togakushi Shrine Pilgrimage

Hidden within Nagano’s enchanting mountain landscapes, the Togakushi Shrine Pilgrimage leads travelers through pristine forests and ancient cedar avenues to a series of historic Shinto shrines. This revered route features five sacred shrines, each offering pilgrims moments of spiritual contemplation amidst tranquil surroundings. As pilgrims ascend scenic trails shaded by towering trees, they can experience the profound quietude and mystery that has inspired stories and legends for centuries. Rich in history and spiritual significance, the Togakushi pilgrimage continues to captivate visitors, inviting them to connect deeply with nature and Japan’s enduring spiritual traditions.

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12. Omine Okugake Pilgrimage

Stretching from Yoshino to Kumano, the Omine Okugake Pilgrimage is one of Japan’s most challenging and spiritually intense journeys.
Practiced by Shugendo monks for centuries, this rugged trail traverses steep mountain peaks, remote forests, and dramatic cliffs, testing pilgrims through rigorous ascetic practices. Along the arduous route, pilgrims encounter sacred sites for meditation and spiritual discipline, pushing themselves mentally and physically to achieve deeper self-awareness and enlightenment. Today, adventurous travelers continue to follow this path, drawn by its spiritual austerity and the profound connection to nature and tradition it offers.

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13. Hachijuhakkasho Pilgrimage in Kyushu

Inspired by Shikoku’s famed Henro, Kyushu’s Hachijuhakkasho Pilgrimage invites travelers on an immersive journey through 88 serene temples scattered across Japan’s southern island. This sacred route beautifully captures Kyushu’s distinctive cultural traditions, guiding pilgrims along coastal pathways, lush countryside, and tranquil mountain trails. Each temple visit offers unique insights into local customs, architecture, and spiritual practices, reflecting the region’s rich historical tapestry. Beyond spiritual contemplation, pilgrims experience Kyushu’s warm hospitality, vibrant landscapes, and peaceful charm, making this pilgrimage an unforgettable exploration of faith intertwined with nature’s captivating beauty.

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14. Tsugaru 33 Kannon Pilgrimage

Journeying through the northern reaches of Aomori Prefecture, the Tsugaru 33 Kannon Pilgrimage offers a serene path that blends spiritual devotion with captivating coastal vistas. Connecting 33 temples dedicated to the goddess Kannon, this pilgrimage route winds along rugged shorelines, peaceful fishing villages, and lush rural landscapes. Each temple visit provides pilgrims with a quiet moment to reflect, absorbing the region’s deep-rooted cultural heritage, traditional architecture, and local folklore. Travelers following this path will find themselves immersed in Tsugaru’s charm, experiencing profound tranquility amid the breathtaking beauty of northern Japan.

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15. Ise Shrine Okage Mairi

At the heart of Mie Prefecture stands the revered Ise Grand Shrine, Japan’s most sacred Shinto sanctuary, drawing pilgrims from every corner of the country. Historically known as Okage Mairi, this pilgrimage has inspired countless journeys over centuries, reflecting deep devotion to the sun goddess Amaterasu. Walking the sacred path through serene forests, pilgrims approach the shrine’s simple yet profoundly spiritual architecture, rebuilt every twenty years to symbolize renewal and purity. Visitors find themselves immersed in Japan’s ancient spiritual traditions, experiencing a profound sense of reverence and connection to the divine essence of Shinto belief.

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